Tonnesen A S, Vereen L, Arens J F
Anesthesiology. 1981 Dec;55(6):680-3. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198155060-00013.
The authors constructed a D-shaped tracheal model with an elastic posterior wall, thus simulating normal tracheal anatomy more closely than previous models. The performance of 9-10 tracheal tube cuffs, of 2-3 different tube sizes (7.0-10.0 mm, ID), from six different manufacturers were tested in the model. Cuff residual volumes ranged from 1.78 to 27.35 ml. Cuff pressure and lateral wall pressures exerted by the cuff on the model were measured at the time a seal was achieved which just prevented leakage of water past the cuff. When a seal was achieved with a volume of air in the cuff less than cuff residual volume, wall pressure tended to be low (less than 35 torr) and cuff pressure closely approximated wall pressure. There was no relationship between cuff brands in the wall pressure required to effect a seal in the model. The authors conclude that intratracheal tubes should have cuffs with large residual volumes. This would permit some latitude in tube size selection while ensuring that a seal could be achieved before the cuff is inflated to its residual volume.
作者构建了一个后壁具有弹性的D形气管模型，因此比之前的模型更能紧密地模拟正常气管解剖结构。在该模型中测试了来自六个不同制造商的9至10个气管导管套囊，这些套囊分属2至3种不同的导管尺寸（内径7.0至10.0毫米）。套囊残余容积在1.78至27.35毫升之间。在刚好防止水从套囊旁渗漏时，即达到密封状态时，测量套囊施加在模型上的套囊压力和侧壁压力。当套囊内空气量小于套囊残余容积而达到密封状态时，壁压力往往较低（小于35托），且套囊压力与壁压力非常接近。在模型中实现密封所需的壁压力与套囊品牌之间没有关系。作者得出结论，气管导管应配备具有大残余容积的套囊。这将在导管尺寸选择上允许一定的灵活性，同时确保在套囊充气至其残余容积之前能够实现密封。
