Gellman M D, Schneiderman N, Wallach J H, LeBlanc W
J Auton Nerv Syst. 1981 Nov;4(4):301-17. doi: 10.1016/0165-1838(81)90034-5.
Heart rate and blood pressure response patterns were elicited by relatively low intensity (approximately 0.2 mA) stimulation (10 s trains; 100 pulses/s; 0.25 ms pulse duration) in different regions of the hypothalamus in anesthetized rabbits. A bradycardia/depressor pattern was elicited from both anterior and posterior stimulating electrode sites in the far lateral hypothalamus. Medial sites including the ventromedial hypothalamus elicited a tachycardia/pressor pattern. A bradycardia/pressor pattern was elicited from both the anterior and posterior hypothalamus at sites between the lateral hypothalamic (bradycardia/depressor) and the medial hypothalamic (tachycardia/pressor) zones. Paralysis by injection of decamethonium in conjunction with artificial ventilation did not reveal systematic differences in cardiovascular response threshold, form, or magnitude between the paralyzed and non-paralyzed state, indicating that the cardiovascular response patterns were not secondary to changes in respiration. Bilateral vagotomy abolished the bradycardia responses evoked by hypothalamic stimulation indicating that the cardiodeceleration was mediated by the vagus nerves; vagotomy attenuated tachycardia responses indicating that the responses in part reflected a decrease in vagal restraint. Bradycardia responses to ipsilateral but not contralateral hypothalamic stimulation were attenuated or abolished when examined 10-14 days after unilateral destruction of the central nucleus of the amygdala. This indicates that the bradycardia responses elicited by hypothalamic stimulation are in part mediated by fibers of passage. Stimulation of lateral hypothalamic sites eliciting a bradycardia/depressor pattern in anesthetized rabbits, evoked mild orienting in the same animals when conscious, whereas medial hypothalamic sites producing the tachycardia/pressor response pattern in anesthetized animals elicited intense excitement with autonomic concomitants in the nonanesthetized state. The results indicate that the rabbit hypothalamus has a mediolateral organization in terms of at least some cardiovascular and behavioral responses to intracranial stimulation.
在麻醉兔的下丘脑不同区域，通过相对低强度（约0.2 mA）刺激（10秒串刺激；100脉冲/秒；0.25毫秒脉冲持续时间）诱发心率和血压反应模式。在下丘脑外侧极的前后刺激电极部位均诱发了心动过缓/降压模式。包括腹内侧下丘脑在内的内侧部位诱发了心动过速/升压模式。在下丘脑外侧（心动过缓/降压）区和内侧下丘脑（心动过速/升压）区之间的部位，下丘脑前后部均诱发了心动过缓/升压模式。注射十烃季铵并结合人工通气导致的麻痹并未显示出麻痹状态和非麻痹状态之间在心血管反应阈值、形式或幅度上的系统性差异，这表明心血管反应模式并非继发于呼吸变化。双侧迷走神经切断术消除了下丘脑刺激诱发的心动过缓反应，表明心动过缓是由迷走神经介导的；迷走神经切断术减弱了心动过速反应，表明这些反应部分反映了迷走神经抑制的降低。在单侧损毁杏仁核中央核10 - 14天后检查时，对同侧而非对侧下丘脑刺激的心动过缓反应减弱或消除了。这表明下丘脑刺激诱发的心动过缓反应部分是由传导纤维介导的。在麻醉兔中，刺激下丘脑外侧部位诱发心动过缓/降压模式，在清醒时同一动物会出现轻度定向反应，而在麻醉动物中产生心动过速/升压反应模式的下丘脑内侧部位在非麻醉状态下会诱发强烈兴奋并伴有自主神经反应。结果表明，就对颅内刺激的至少一些心血管和行为反应而言，兔下丘脑具有内侧 - 外侧组织架构。
