乙醇对动物鼓室裂的耳毒性

Ototoxicity of ethanol in the tympanic cleft in animals.

作者信息

Morizono T, Sikora M A

出版信息

Acta Otolaryngol. 1981 Jul-Aug;92(1-2):33-40. doi: 10.3109/00016488109133235.

Abstract

This work was undertaken to study the ototoxicity of topically applied ethanol in quantitative terms. Using guinea pigs, ethanol was administered (1) on the round window for 10 min, (2) instilled in the middle ear cavity for 24 hours, and (3) perfused into the cochlear canal (into the scala tympani) at the rat of 10 microliter/min for 10 min. Cochlear microphonics from the electrode on the round window were recorded. The critical concentration (the maximum dilution ratio) of the ethanol that appears to be ototoxic in the experimental condition mentioned above was determined to be (1) 50%, (2) 10%, (3) 0.1% respectively. Using chinchillas, the effect of ethanol with round window application on the Endocochlear Potential (EP) was studied. Simultaneous recording of EP from the 1st and 3rd turn of the cochlea showed a more marked decline in EP in the 1st turn. 70% ethanol caused an irreversible, plateauing decline in EPO, while 35% ethanol caused a reversible decline in EP.

摘要

本研究旨在定量研究局部应用乙醇的耳毒性。使用豚鼠，乙醇以以下方式给药：(1) 在圆窗上应用10分钟；(2) 滴入中耳腔24小时；(3) 以10微升/分钟的速率灌注到耳蜗管（鼓阶）中10分钟。记录圆窗上电极的耳蜗微音器电位。在上述实验条件下，似乎具有耳毒性的乙醇的临界浓度（最大稀释比）分别确定为：(1) 50%；(2) 10%；(3) 0.1%。使用毛丝鼠，研究了乙醇经圆窗应用对内耳电位（EP）的影响。同时记录耳蜗第一圈和第三圈的EP，结果显示第一圈的EP下降更为明显。70%乙醇导致EP不可逆的平台期下降，而35%乙醇导致EP可逆性下降。