Bailey R T, Young B, Rapp R P, Blouin R A
Neurosurgery. 1981 Dec;9(6):722-4. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198112000-00019.
We are reporting a case of theophylline toxicity after the initiation of i.v. aminophylline and isoproterenol in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm. The dose of aminophylline (125 mg/hour) previously recommended results in a toxic serum theophylline concentration in a majority of patients if the infusion is continued for more than 24 to 48 hours. The rapid achievement of an optimal serum level is obtained with a standard loading dose of 8.0 mg/kg. The initial infusion rate should be based on calculated pharmacokinetic data. Maintenance dosing adjustments are then based on serum determinations and the presence of toxic effects.
我们报告了1例在静脉输注氨茶碱和异丙肾上腺素治疗脑血管痉挛后发生氨茶碱中毒的病例。如果输注持续超过24至48小时，先前推荐的氨茶碱剂量（125毫克/小时）在大多数患者中会导致血清氨茶碱浓度达到中毒水平。通过8.0毫克/千克的标准负荷剂量可迅速达到最佳血清水平。初始输注速率应基于计算的药代动力学数据。然后根据血清测定结果和毒性效应的存在情况调整维持剂量。
