Gutiérrez J M, Chaves F, Bolaños R
Rev Biol Trop. 1980 Dec;28(2):341-51.
This paper is a comparative study of venoms of newborn and adult specimens of Bothrops asper from two Costa Rican populations: San Carlos, in the Atlantic versant and Puriscal in the Pacific. Comparison was on a basis of determination of the following effects: hemorrhage, myonecrosis, edema, proteolysis, hemolysis, and lethality, as well as neutralization of the lethal effect by polyvalent antivenom. Biochemical and immunochemical comparisons were done by means of electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and immunodiffusion. There are marked differences between newborn and adult venoms from both regions in electrophoretic and immunoelectrophoretic patterns, although the immunodiffusion plates showed an almost identical pattern. Venoms from newborn specimens are more proteolytic, hemorrhagic, edema-forming and lethal, whereas those of adult specimens are more hemolytic and induce a stronger myonecrotic action, characterized by a myolitic type of necrosis. Antivenom neutralizes the lethality of all venoms with similar ED50. Venoms of adult specimens from both regions showed a slight variation in the immunoelectrophoretic pattern, but a complete identity in immunodiffusion plates. Adult venoms from San Carlos are more hemorrhagic, and myonecrotic, whereas those of Puriscal are more proteolytic, having similar lethality, edema-forming activity, and hemolytic effect. The same differences were observed when venoms from newborn specimens from both populations were compared.
大西洋沿岸的圣卡洛斯以及太平洋沿岸的普里西卡尔。比较基于对以下效应的测定：出血、肌坏死、水肿、蛋白水解、溶血和致死性，以及用多价抗蛇毒血清中和致死效应。通过电泳、免疫电泳和免疫扩散进行生化和免疫化学比较。尽管免疫扩散板显示出几乎相同的模式，但两个地区新生个体和成年个体毒液在电泳和免疫电泳图谱上存在显著差异。新生个体的毒液蛋白水解性更强、更易导致出血、形成水肿且具有更高的致死性，而成年个体的毒液溶血作用更强，并诱导更强的肌坏死作用，其特征为肌溶解性坏死类型。抗蛇毒血清以相似的半数有效剂量（ED50）中和所有毒液的致死性。两个地区成年个体的毒液在免疫电泳图谱上有轻微差异，但在免疫扩散板上完全相同。圣卡洛斯成年个体的毒液出血性更强且更易导致肌坏死，而普里西卡尔成年个体的毒液蛋白水解性更强，致死性、形成水肿的活性和溶血效应相似。比较两个种群新生个体的毒液时也观察到了相同的差异。
