Hirschfeld R M
Br J Psychiatry. 1981 Oct;139:297-305. doi: 10.1192/bjp.139.4.297.
The validity of the concept of situational (i.e. reactive) depression as distinct from other major depressive subtypes is examined in terms of psychosocial stressors, personality features, current symptomatology, and clinical course and follow-up. Thirty-eight patients with a recent onset of situational major depressive disorder (i.e. the disorder developed after an event or in a situation the diagnostician deemed likely to have contributed to the episode at that time) were compared with 68 non-situational major depressive patients. These patients were participants in the clinical studies of the NIMH-Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression. No significant differences between the two groups were found in the total number, content areas, or other categorizations of life events, experienced prior to onset. Some statistically significant differences in current symptomatology and in clinical course and follow-up measures were obtained, but there were none in personality traits. Implications of these results in relation to previously published reports are discussed and caution is recommended in the use of the term situational depression until more definitive data become available.
从心理社会应激源、人格特征、当前症状学、临床病程及随访等方面，对情境性（即反应性）抑郁这一概念与其他主要抑郁亚型相区别的有效性进行了研究。将38例近期起病的情境性重度抑郁障碍患者（即该障碍在某一事件后发生，或发生于诊断医生当时认为可能导致该发作的情境中）与68例非情境性重度抑郁患者进行了比较。这些患者是美国国立精神卫生研究所临床研究分部抑郁症心理生物学协作项目临床研究的参与者。两组患者在起病前经历的生活事件总数、内容领域或其他分类方面未发现显著差异。在当前症状学、临床病程及随访指标方面获得了一些具有统计学意义的差异，但在人格特质方面没有差异。讨论了这些结果与先前发表报告的相关性，并建议在有更确切数据之前，谨慎使用情境性抑郁这一术语。
