Broughton R, Ghanem Q, Hishikawa Y, Sugita Y, Nevsimalova S, Roth B
Can J Neurol Sci. 1981 Nov;8(4):299-304. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100043419.
A questionnaire survey has been made of the life effects of narcolepsy in 180 patients, 60 each from North American, Asian and European populations, with 180 similarly distributed age and sex matched controls. Life-effects were attributed by the patients to the primary symptoms of excessive daytime drowsiness, sleep attacks, cataplexy, vivid hypnagogic hallucinations and sleep paralysis, and also to other frequent symptoms such as visual problems (blurring, diplopia) and memory impairment. Occupational problems were prevalent (over 75%) and included statistically significant deleterious effects upon performance, promotion, earning capacity, fear of or actual job loss and increased disability insurance. Driving was greatly affected and patients fell asleep at the wheel more frequently (66%), had near or actual accidents from drowsiness or falling asleep at the wheel (67%), and could experience cataplexy (29%) or sleep paralysis (12%) while driving. Work or home accidents attributed to sleepiness or sleep (49%) or related to smoking (49%) were much more common in patients. There were also deleterious effects on education, recreation and personality related to disease. Narcolepsy can produce a variety of life-effects probably more serious and pervasive than, for instance, those of epilepsy, therefore emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
对180名发作性睡病患者的生活影响进行了问卷调查，其中北美、亚洲和欧洲人群各60名，并设有180名年龄和性别分布相似的匹配对照。患者将生活影响归因于白天过度嗜睡、睡眠发作、猝倒、生动的入睡幻觉和睡眠麻痹等主要症状，以及视力问题（模糊、复视）和记忆障碍等其他常见症状。职业问题普遍存在（超过75%），包括对工作表现、晋升、收入能力、对失业的恐惧或实际失业以及残疾保险增加具有统计学意义的有害影响。驾驶受到极大影响，患者更频繁地在驾驶时睡着（66%），因困倦或在驾驶时睡着而险些发生或实际发生事故（67%），并且在驾驶时可能会出现猝倒（29%）或睡眠麻痹（12%）。因嗜睡或睡眠（49%）或与吸烟相关（49%）导致的工作或家庭事故在患者中更为常见。疾病对教育、娱乐和性格也有有害影响。发作性睡病可能产生的各种生活影响可能比例如癫痫更为严重和普遍，因此强调了早期诊断和治疗的重要性。
