Effects of particulate matter on rates of membrane uptake of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.

Investigations of the mechanism of particle-enhanced uptake of benzo [a] pyrene into model membranes and microsomes have been extended by studying the effects of particulates on the rates of uptake of four additional polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) into model membranes. Adsorption of dibenzo [a, h] anthracene, benzo [g,h,i] perylene, and 3-methylcholanthrene to the surface of particles resulted in enhanced rates of membrane uptake of these PAH. Adsorption to the fibrous asbestos minerals (chrysotile and anthophyllite) produced the greatest enhancement in membrane uptake rates compared to uptake from microcrystalline dispersions of the PAH. Adsorption of these PAH to nonfibrous minerals resulted in uptake rates intermediate between those of the asbestos-adsorbed and microcrystalline states. In contrast, adsorption of dibenzo-[c,g] carbazole to particles did not result in enhanced uptake. In this case, the rates of uptake in the absence and presence of particles were all extremely high, presumably as a result of the high water solubility of this PAH. The methods described in this paper permit characterization of particles-PAH mixtures in terms of the rate of PAH uptake into membranes.