Frazier T M
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1981;7 Suppl 4:127-32.
The United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is developing a national information base for the identification of workplace hazards and for the detection of work-related disease, disability, or mortality. In the first national occupational hazard survey completed in 1974, surveyors observed more than 85,000 tradename products in a probability sample of 5,000 US workplaces. Manufacturers of these tradename products have given NIOSH information about the chemical ingredients in more than 60,000 products. Prior to this survey the ability to identify and inform workers of the potential hazards to which they were exposed was limited. The occupational health effect surveillance system is presently based on data obtained from three data systems, the national Health Interview Survey, the Social Security Administration Disability Award File and proportionate mortality ratio studies conducted by several states. Industry and associated disease rubrics identified by these data systems become topics for more intensive analysis culminating in brief reports called surveillance intelligence bulletins (SIBs). This paper gives an example of work in progress in developing an SIB concerned with accidents among loggers.
美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）正在建立一个全国性信息库，用于识别工作场所的危害以及检测与工作相关的疾病、残疾或死亡情况。在1974年完成的首次全国职业危害调查中，调查人员在美国5000个工作场所的概率样本中观察了超过85000种商品名产品。这些商品名产品的制造商已向NIOSH提供了60000多种产品的化学成分信息。在这次调查之前，识别并告知工人他们所接触的潜在危害的能力有限。职业健康影响监测系统目前基于从三个数据系统获得的数据，即全国健康访谈调查、社会保障管理局残疾奖励档案以及几个州进行的比例死亡率研究。这些数据系统确定的行业和相关疾病类别成为更深入分析的主题，最终形成名为监测情报简报（SIBs）的简短报告。本文给出了一个正在开展的工作示例，即编写一份关于伐木工事故的SIB。
