MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Apr 27;56(16):393-7.
Data collected through a National Electronic Injury Surveillance System occupational supplement (NEISS-Work) provide information on persons treated for nonfatal work-related injuries and illnesses in U.S. hospital emergency departments (EDs). CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health uses these data to monitor injury trends and aid prevention activities. This report summarizes 2004 NEISS-Work injury and illness surveillance data. In 2004, an estimated 3.4 million nonfatal ED-treated injuries and illnesses occurred among workers of all ages, with a rate of 2.5 cases per 100 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers aged > or =15 years. Workers aged <25 years had the highest injury/illness rates. More than three fourths of all nonfatal workplace injuries/illnesses were attributed to contact with objects or equipment (e.g., being struck by a falling tool or caught in machinery), bodily reaction or exertion (e.g., a sprain or strain), and falls. No substantial reduction was observed in the overall number and rate of ED-treated occupational injuries/illnesses during 1996-2004. To reduce occupational injuries/illnesses, interventions should continue to target workers at highest risk and reduce exposure to those workplace hazards with the greatest potential for causing severe injury or death. More emphasis should be placed on prevention-effectiveness studies and dissemination of successful interventions to reduce work-related injuries and illnesses.
通过国家电子伤害监测系统职业补充项目（NEISS-Work）收集的数据，提供了在美国医院急诊科（EDs）接受治疗的非致命性工作相关伤害和疾病患者的信息。美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的国家职业安全与健康研究所利用这些数据监测伤害趋势并协助开展预防活动。本报告总结了2004年NEISS-Work伤害和疾病监测数据。2004年，所有年龄段的工人中估计有340万例非致命性急诊治疗伤害和疾病，年龄≥15岁的全职等效（FTE）工人的发病率为每100人中有2.5例。年龄<25岁的工人伤害/疾病发病率最高。所有非致命性工作场所伤害/疾病中，超过四分之三归因于与物体或设备接触（例如，被掉落的工具击中或卷入机器）、身体反应或用力（例如，扭伤或拉伤）以及跌倒。1996 - 2004年期间，急诊治疗的职业伤害/疾病总数和发病率没有显著下降。为减少职业伤害/疾病，干预措施应继续针对风险最高的工人，并减少接触那些最有可能导致严重伤害或死亡的工作场所危害。应更加重视预防效果研究以及成功干预措施的传播，以减少与工作相关的伤害和疾病。
