Rein M F
Sex Transm Dis. 1981 Oct-Dec;8(4 suppl):316-20.
Trichomoniasis is reliably treated with a single 2-g dose of metronidazole; however, with this regimen simultaneous treatment of sexual partners is particularly important. Trichomoniasis in pregnant women, who should not receive metronidazole, might be treated initially with clotrimazole vaginal suppositories, which appear to cure about 50% of cases. Topical antifungal agents of the imidazole class are superior to polyenes in treating vulvovaginal candidiasis. Boric acid powder applied intravaginally in gelatin capsules for 14 days appears as effective as imidazoles. Nonspecific vaginitis is now recognized as involving infection with anaerobic bacteria of the vaginal flora as well as Gardnerella vaginalis. The condition is most successfully treated with a seven-day course of metronidazole, which probably acts by eradicating the anaerobes. In addition, metabolites of metronidazole may act directly on G. vaginalis. Sulfanilamide-aminacrine-allantoin preparations are much less effective than specific therapies and have no role in the treatment of vulvovaginitis.
滴虫病单次服用2克剂量的甲硝唑即可有效治疗；然而，采用这种治疗方案时，性伴侣同时接受治疗尤为重要。孕妇患滴虫病时不应服用甲硝唑，最初可使用克霉唑阴道栓剂治疗，该栓剂似乎能治愈约50%的病例。咪唑类局部抗真菌药在治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病方面优于多烯类药物。将硼酸粉装入明胶胶囊阴道内给药14天，其效果似乎与咪唑类药物相同。非特异性阴道炎目前被认为与阴道菌群中的厌氧菌以及阴道加德纳菌感染有关。该病症采用甲硝唑治疗七天疗程最为有效，甲硝唑可能通过根除厌氧菌发挥作用。此外，甲硝唑的代谢产物可能直接作用于阴道加德纳菌。磺胺氨基吖啶尿囊素制剂的疗效远不如特效疗法，在外阴阴道炎的治疗中没有作用。
