Jalonen J
Ann Clin Res. 1981;13 Suppl 33:39-43.
The most important determinants of the overall O2 delivery to tissues are the cardiac output and the arteriovenous O2 content difference. The latter is influenced mainly by the haemoglobin concentration, arterial haemoglobin O2 saturation and venous haemoglobin O2 saturation. Also the O2 tension has a minor contribution. The venous haemoglobin O2 saturation decreases, without a concomitant, potentially detrimental decrease in the venous blood O2 tension, when the haemoglobin O2 affinity decreases as a consequence of e.g. decreased pH or increased PCO2 (Bohr effect) increased temperature and increased red cell 2,3-DPG. This effect allows greater O2 extraction from the blood by tissues. The changes in the haemoglobin O2 affinity are compensated in physiological conditions by changes in the cardiac output and in the venous O2 tension. If, however, in a situation of limited tissue O2 supply these mechanisms are used up or severely compromised the haemoglobin O2 affinity becomes an important determinant of the O2 delivery to tissues.
整体向组织输送氧气的最重要决定因素是心输出量和动静脉血氧含量差。后者主要受血红蛋白浓度、动脉血红蛋白氧饱和度和静脉血红蛋白氧饱和度的影响。此外，氧张力也有较小的作用。当血红蛋白氧亲和力因例如pH值降低、PCO2升高（波尔效应）、温度升高和红细胞2,3 -二磷酸甘油酸增加而降低时，静脉血红蛋白氧饱和度会降低，而静脉血氧张力不会随之出现潜在的有害降低。这种效应使组织能够从血液中提取更多的氧气。在生理条件下，血红蛋白氧亲和力的变化通过心输出量和静脉氧张力的变化得到补偿。然而，如果在组织氧供应有限的情况下，这些机制被耗尽或严重受损，血红蛋白氧亲和力就会成为向组织输送氧气的重要决定因素。
