Carroll K K
Cancer Detect Prev. 1981;4(1-4):117-20.
Environmental influences are thought to be largely responsible for the marked geographical differences in cancer mortality observed in epidemiological studies. Diet has been implicated as a significant environmental variable because certain dietary constituents, such as fat, show a positive correlation with mortality from cancer at specific sites such as breast and colon. Similar correlations have been observed in experiments with animal models. The studies with animals have also provided evidence that the dietary effects are exerted mainly at the promotional stage of carcinogenesis. Since breast and colon cancers account for a large proportion of cancer deaths in many countries, tumor-promoting effects of diet may be an important factor in overall cancer mortality.
环境影响被认为在很大程度上是流行病学研究中观察到的癌症死亡率显著地理差异的原因。饮食被认为是一个重要的环境变量，因为某些饮食成分，如脂肪，与乳腺癌和结肠癌等特定部位的癌症死亡率呈正相关。在动物模型实验中也观察到了类似的相关性。动物研究还提供了证据，表明饮食影响主要在致癌作用的促进阶段发挥作用。由于乳腺癌和结肠癌在许多国家的癌症死亡中占很大比例，饮食的肿瘤促进作用可能是总体癌症死亡率的一个重要因素。
