Rutsky E A, Rostand S G
Arch Intern Med. 1980 Jan;140(1):57-61.
Active mycobacterial disease developed in nine of 885 patients undergoing long-term maintenance dialysis during an 8 1/2-year period. An additional eight patients, who had chronic renal failure but did not require long-term dialysis, contracted active mycobacterial infection during the same interval. Fifty-six percent of the dialyzed group had predominantly extrapulmonary disease and 33% were infected with mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculin sensitivity was present infrequently and examination of sputum and other fluids for acid-fast bacilli was usually unrewarding. The presence of mycobacteria was demonstrated most reliably by tissue biopsy and culture. Failure to diagnose mycobacteriosis resulted in the death of three patients, while the remaining patients responded satisfactorily to drug therapy.
在8年半的时间里，885名接受长期维持性透析的患者中有9人患上了活动性分枝杆菌病。另外8名患有慢性肾衰竭但不需要长期透析的患者在同一时期感染了活动性分枝杆菌。透析组中56%的患者主要为肺外疾病，33%感染的是非结核分枝杆菌。结核菌素敏感性很少出现，对痰液和其他液体进行抗酸杆菌检查通常没有结果。通过组织活检和培养最可靠地证实了分枝杆菌的存在。未能诊断出分枝杆菌病导致3名患者死亡，而其余患者对药物治疗反应良好。
