Lock J E, Hamilton F, Luide H, Coceani F, Olley P M
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1980 Jan;48(1):188-96. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1980.48.1.188.
Electromagnetic flow probes were placed around the right and left pulmonary arteries (RPA and LPA) of nine newborn lambs. Preliminary in vitro and in vivo experiments delineated the accuracy and limitations of this method of flow measurement and the value in vivo of a balloon occlusive zero. Six to nine days after surgery, catheters were placed in the aorta and a branch pulmonary artery permitting simultaneous measurements of RPA and LPA flow, pulmonary arterial pressure, and aortic pressure. Vasoactive agents were injected into one lung, and a shift in blood flow distribution reflected direct active vasoconstruction or vasodilation in that lung. With a normal arterial oxygen tension, acetylcholine had no direct effect on the pulmonary vessels, but indirectly lowered pulmonary resistance via its systemic effects. Histamine was a potent direct pulmonary vasoconstrictor, bradykinin was a weak direct dilator, norepinephrine was a direct constrictor, prostaglandin E1 was a direct dilator, and prostaglandin F2a was a direct constrictor. These results demonstrate the feasibility of isolating the direct pulmonary vascular effects of certain pharmacologic agents using a double pulmonary artery flow probe preparation, agents using a double pulmonary artery flow probe preparation, without the use of anesthetics or extracorporeal perfusion circuits.
在9只新生羔羊的左右肺动脉（RPA和LPA）周围放置电磁流量探头。初步的体外和体内实验确定了这种流量测量方法的准确性和局限性以及球囊闭塞零点在体内的价值。术后6至9天，将导管置入主动脉和一支肺动脉分支，以便同时测量RPA和LPA流量、肺动脉压和主动脉压。向一侧肺内注入血管活性药物，血流分布的改变反映了该侧肺内直接的主动血管收缩或舒张。在动脉血氧张力正常时，乙酰胆碱对肺血管无直接作用，但通过其全身作用间接降低肺阻力。组胺是一种强效的直接肺血管收缩剂，缓激肽是一种弱效的直接扩张剂，去甲肾上腺素是一种直接收缩剂，前列腺素E1是一种直接扩张剂，前列腺素F2a是一种直接收缩剂。这些结果表明，使用双肺动脉流量探头制备方法，无需使用麻醉剂或体外灌注回路，即可分离某些药物对肺血管的直接作用。
