Rojanapo W, Lamb A J, Olson J A
J Nutr. 1980 Jan;110(1):178-88. doi: 10.1093/jn/110.1.178.
Experiments were conducted to evaluate critically the role of vitamin A in the maintenance and functional integrity of mucus-secreting goblet cells in rat small intestine. Essentially synchronous vitamin A deficiency was induced by the withdrawal of retinoic acid from mature, stringently-deficient male rats reared by feeding vitamin A-depleted weanlings diets first supplemented with and then lacking in 2 micrograms retinoic acid per gram diet in repeating 18 day:10 day cycles. Secondary inanition was minimized by force-feeding both deficient and control animals twice daily. Whereas the prevalence of oligomucus cells was unchanged, the number of goblet cells per duodenal crypt gland decreased abruptly to 60% of control values starting 2 to 3 days after the withdrawal of retinoic acid and then stabilized. The responses of mucus-secreting cells to atropine and pilocarpine were identical in vitamin A deficient and control animals. As studied with [3H]thymidine, the rate of division of epithelial cells and the migration rate of columnar and goblet cells out of the crypt gland and along the villus were also unaffected by vitamin A deficiency. We conclude that two populations of goblet cells exist in the intestine--one relatively insensitive and the other sensitive to vitamin A status. In vitamin A deficiency, the rate of differentiation of sensitive goblet cells from oligomucus cells and other precursor cells seems to be blocked.
进行了实验以严格评估维生素A在维持大鼠小肠黏液分泌杯状细胞的功能完整性方面的作用。通过从成熟的、严重缺乏维生素A的雄性大鼠中撤除视黄酸来诱导基本同步的维生素A缺乏，这些雄性大鼠是由喂食缺乏维生素A的断奶幼鼠饲料饲养而来，饲料先补充每克含2微克视黄酸，然后再缺乏视黄酸，以18天：10天的周期重复。通过每天两次强制喂食缺乏维生素A和对照的动物，将继发性营养不良降至最低。虽然寡黏液细胞的患病率没有变化，但从撤除视黄酸后2至3天开始，每个十二指肠隐窝腺的杯状细胞数量突然降至对照值的60%，然后稳定下来。在维生素A缺乏和对照的动物中，黏液分泌细胞对阿托品和毛果芸香碱的反应是相同的。用[3H]胸腺嘧啶核苷研究发现，上皮细胞的分裂速率以及柱状细胞和杯状细胞从隐窝腺沿绒毛的迁移速率也不受维生素A缺乏的影响。我们得出结论，肠道中存在两种杯状细胞群体——一种对维生素A状态相对不敏感，另一种敏感。在维生素A缺乏时，敏感杯状细胞从寡黏液细胞和其他前体细胞的分化速率似乎被阻断。
