Saah A J, Mallonee J P, Tarpay M, Thornsberry C T, Roberts M A, Rhoades E R
JAMA. 1980 May 9;243(18):1924-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.243.18.1924.
Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from 103 patients were submitted for serotyping and determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for penicillin. Isolates from 16 patients were relatively resistant to penicillin (MIC, 0.1 to 0.5 micrograms/mL). In a study to determine if the patients with relatively resistant pneumococci (RRP) differed from patients with normally susceptible pneumococci, 18 patients with RRP showed no significant difference from their matched controls in antibiotic use during the two months prior to isolation of the pneumococcus. Other variables that showed no significant difference between the two groups were (1) antibiotic use in household contacts in the previous six months, (2) presence of chronic infection in the case or control patients, and (3) recurrence of pneumococcal infection following therapy. The high rate of relative resistance to penicillin is heretofore unknown in a general, unconfined population in this country. The case-control study suggests that no strong relationship exists between isolating RRP and prior penicillin administration. More extensive surveys in the United States are needed.
从103例患者身上分离出的肺炎链球菌菌株被送去进行血清分型和青霉素最低抑菌浓度（MIC）测定。从16例患者身上分离出的菌株对青霉素相对耐药（MIC为0.1至0.5微克/毫升）。在一项确定相对耐药肺炎球菌（RRP）患者与正常敏感肺炎球菌患者是否存在差异的研究中，18例RRP患者与配对对照在肺炎球菌分离前两个月的抗生素使用情况上无显著差异。两组之间无显著差异的其他变量包括：（1）前六个月家庭接触者的抗生素使用情况；（2）病例或对照患者是否存在慢性感染；（3）治疗后肺炎球菌感染的复发情况。在该国普通、无限制人群中，青霉素相对耐药率如此之高此前尚无报道。病例对照研究表明，分离出RRP与先前使用青霉素之间不存在强关联。美国需要进行更广泛的调查。
