Legouix J P, Pierson A, Minot J F
Audiology. 1980;19(3):263-76. doi: 10.3109/00206098009072668.
It is generally assumed that noises have a detrimental effect when the cochlear receptor is overloaded and, more specifically, when the cochlear microphonic (CM) fails to increase linearly with intensity. In order to investigate further the relations between the nonlinearity of CM and damage to the cochlea, a series of experiments was carried out on guinea pigs to relate the short-term CM depression following the presentation of noises or tones with the nonlinearity and the assymmetry. The asymmetrical non-linearity of CM was measured in tracing the input-out functions and also the wave-forms. Two other important tests of the asymmetrical nonlinearity were used: the measure of interference and of summating potential (SP DIF). The results show that the fatigability is greater when there is a large negative asymmetry or a large negative SP. Variations in asymmetry and in SP were observed among individuals. Other changes of symmetry were provoked by asphyxia or by introducing solutions of KCl in the perilymph. These changes were well correlated with the fatigability. These results are interpreted in a model of the cochlear transducer derived from the model of Davis. The assymetry of a flux of potassium ions between endolymph and the hair cells is assumed to be responsible for the alterations associated with cochlear fatigue and trauma.
一般认为，当耳蜗感受器过载时，尤其是当耳蜗微音器电位（CM）不随强度呈线性增加时，噪声会产生有害影响。为了进一步研究CM的非线性与耳蜗损伤之间的关系，对豚鼠进行了一系列实验，以将噪声或纯音呈现后CM的短期抑制与非线性及不对称性联系起来。通过描绘输入-输出函数以及波形来测量CM的不对称非线性。还使用了另外两个关于不对称非线性的重要测试：干扰测量和总和电位（SP DIF）测量。结果表明，当存在较大的负不对称或较大的负SP时，疲劳性更强。个体之间观察到不对称性和SP的变化。窒息或在外淋巴中引入氯化钾溶液会引发对称性的其他变化。这些变化与疲劳性密切相关。这些结果在源自戴维斯模型的耳蜗换能器模型中得到了解释。内淋巴与毛细胞之间钾离子通量的不对称性被认为是与耳蜗疲劳和损伤相关改变的原因。
