Schumacher K A, Sigel H, Bargon G
Rontgenblatter. 1980 May;33(5):217-20.
Three cases of cardiac tamponade resulting from perforation of central venous catheters are presented. Purpose of the case reports and of the brief literature review is to derive criterions for X-ray examination of the catheter position since only routine roentgenographic control can prevent the occurrence of catheterization -- induced complications significantly. The catheter tip should not exceed the right sternoclavicular border by more than two centimeters. Roentgenograms of catheters inserted via the brachial venous route have to be obtained with the arm abducted 90 degrees. On adequately exposed Roentgen films the vertebral column should be clearly discernible within the cardiac shadow. Injection of radiopaque dye through the catheter helps to locate its tip and, in addition, confirms the diagnosis of catheter perforation and concomitant pericardial tamponade.
本文报告了3例因中心静脉导管穿孔导致心脏压塞的病例。病例报告及简短文献综述的目的是得出导管位置X线检查的标准，因为只有常规的X线检查才能显著预防导管插入引起的并发症。导管尖端不应超过右胸锁关节边界2厘米以上。经肱静脉途径插入导管的X线片应在手臂外展90度时拍摄。在充分曝光的X线片上，心脏阴影内应能清晰看到脊柱。通过导管注入不透X线的染料有助于确定其尖端位置，此外，还能确诊导管穿孔及并发的心包压塞。
