Phillips R D, Hayes A W, Berndt W O
J Chromatogr. 1980 Apr 4;190(2):419-27. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)88247-3.
Citrinin is a toxic metabolite produced by several species of Penicillium and Aspergillus. Citrinin is nephrotoxic and has been implicated in disease outbreaks in animals and humans. Citrinin was resolved in a sharp peak by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a small-article (10 micrometers) column by elution in 4.25 min with a phosphoric acid (0.25 N)-acetonitrile-2-propanol solvent (55:35:10). Detection was by ultraviolet absorbance at 340 nm. The relationship between peak height and area and quantity injected was linear over a range of 2--50 ng at 340 nm and 5--200 ng at 365 nm. Retention time and peak area were highly reproducible. As little as 2--5 ng citrinin was detectable. Complete recovery of citrinin from plasma samples containing known quantities of [14C]citrinin was obtained over a range of 5--40 micrograms/ml by treatment of the plasma with 1 N hydrochloric acid followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. The method provides for the direct analysis of citrinin in urine and bile without prior extraction.
桔霉素是由多种青霉和曲霉产生的一种有毒代谢产物。桔霉素具有肾毒性，与动物和人类的疾病暴发有关。通过在小粒径（10微米）柱上进行反相高效液相色谱法，用磷酸（0.25N）-乙腈-2-丙醇溶剂（55:35:10）洗脱4.25分钟，桔霉素在一个尖锐的峰中得到分离。检测是通过在340纳米处的紫外吸光度进行的。在340纳米处2-50纳克以及在365纳米处5-200纳克的范围内，峰高和峰面积与进样量之间的关系呈线性。保留时间和峰面积具有高度的重现性。可检测到低至2-5纳克的桔霉素。通过用1N盐酸处理血浆，然后用乙酸乙酯萃取，在5-40微克/毫升的范围内，从含有已知量[14C]桔霉素的血浆样品中可实现桔霉素的完全回收。该方法可直接分析尿液和胆汁中的桔霉素，无需事先萃取。
