Novick A C, Cosgrove D M
J Urol. 1980 Jun;123(6):947-50. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)56207-2.
We report on a patient who underwent complete removal of a renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava and the right atrium. The importance of accurate preoperative definition of the supradiaphragmatic extent of disease is emphasized and the surgical approach for removing such a tumor is described.
我们报告了一例肾细胞癌已延伸至腔静脉和右心房并接受了完整切除的患者。强调了准确术前界定疾病膈上范围的重要性,并描述了切除此类肿瘤的手术方法。