Goldscheider H G, Lischewski R, Claus D, Streibl W, Waiblinger G
Arch Psychiatr Nervenkr (1970). 1980;228(1):53-65. doi: 10.1007/BF00365744.
Symmetrical calcification of the basal ganglia was found in 2% of 8000 computerized tomography (CT) scans. Of 19 cases, only 2 were detectable on conventional skull films. The less prominent calcifications were most often found in the region of the pallidum, the knee of the internal capsule. Also, the lesions were generally symmetrical. Thus these factors must be considered basic morphological characteristics of the pathophysiological process. Additional neurological disorders were present in 6 patients. Neurological symptoms in the remaining 13, when present, depended on the extent of the lesion. The most common finding was tremor, although disturbances of fine motor control, transient lateralizing signs, and seizures were also noted. No particular constellation of symptoms or signs permitted accurate clinical localization of the lesions. The patients could be divided into three groups on the basis of clinical findings: (1) young people with marked cerebral calcinosis ('idiopathic' calcification of basal ganglia), (2) patients with hypoparathyroidism, and (3) older patients with relatively little calcification. Most patients with calcific lesions will be included in the third group. Any calcification of basal ganglia detected by CT scans demands careful evaluation of calcium metabolism.
在8000例计算机断层扫描（CT）中，2%发现基底节对称性钙化。19例中，只有2例在传统头颅平片上可检测到。不太明显的钙化最常见于苍白球区域，即内囊膝部。此外，病变通常是对称的。因此，这些因素必须被视为病理生理过程的基本形态学特征。6例患者存在其他神经系统疾病。其余13例患者如有神经症状，则取决于病变范围。最常见的表现是震颤，不过也注意到精细运动控制障碍、短暂性定位体征和癫痫发作。没有特定的症状或体征组合能准确进行病变的临床定位。根据临床发现，患者可分为三组：（1）有明显脑钙化的年轻人（基底节“特发性”钙化），（2）甲状旁腺功能减退患者，（3）钙化相对较少的老年患者。大多数有钙化病变的患者将归入第三组。CT扫描检测到的任何基底节钙化都需要仔细评估钙代谢情况。
