Siervogel R M, Frey M A, Kezdi P, Roche A F, Stanley E L
Hypertension. 1980 Jul-Aug;2(4 Pt 2):83-92.
In 154 white chldren aged 8 to 18 years from four large kindreds, relationships among blood pressure (BP), age, sex, body size, and electrolyte excretion were studied. Each kindred was ascertained through one male aged 35-58 years with essential hypertension, namely, a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) over 95 mm Hg. Weight, relative weight (relative to NCHS median for age, sex, and stature), subcutaneous fatfolds, various indices of obesity, and other measures of body size were significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP in each sex (r = 0.3 to 0.7). Sodium and potassium excretion in 24-hour urine was also positively correlated with some measures of body size, and tended to increase with body size at a slightly more rapid rate in boys than in girls. In addition, there was a strong correlation between electrolyte excretion and BP in boys (r = 0.2 to 0.6); however, when the effects of age, body size and fatness were statistically removed, the correlations between BP and electrolyte excretion were not significant, except for 4th phase diastolic pressure (DBP4). These data, therefore, while not strongly supporting a relationship between sodium excretion and BP in children, do not rule out such a relationship, especially in families with a history of hypertension. In addition, these data provide further evidence of a very strong association between BP and body size and fatness in boys and girls.
在来自四个大家族的154名8至18岁的白人儿童中，研究了血压（BP）、年龄、性别、体型和电解质排泄之间的关系。每个家族通过一名35至58岁患有原发性高血压（即舒张压（DBP）超过95毫米汞柱）的男性确定。体重、相对体重（相对于按年龄、性别和身高划分的美国国家卫生统计中心中位数）、皮下脂肪褶、各种肥胖指数和其他体型测量指标与各性别收缩压（SBP）和舒张压均显著相关（r = 0.3至0.7）。24小时尿钠和钾排泄也与一些体型测量指标呈正相关，且在男孩中随体型增加的速度略快于女孩。此外，男孩的电解质排泄与血压之间存在很强的相关性（r = 0.2至0.6）；然而，当年龄、体型和肥胖的影响在统计学上被消除后，除了第四阶段舒张压（DBP4）外，血压与电解质排泄之间的相关性并不显著。因此，这些数据虽然没有有力支持儿童钠排泄与血压之间的关系，但也不排除这种关系，尤其是在有高血压家族史的家庭中。此外，这些数据进一步证明了男孩和女孩的血压与体型和肥胖之间存在非常强的关联。
