Waring E M, Tillman M P, Frelick L, Russell L, Weisz G
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1980 Aug;168(8):471-4. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198008000-00004.
A random sample of 50 adults in the general population received an open ended interview regarding their concepts of intimacy. A second random sample of 24 couples from the general population and 24 clinical couples received a standardized interview in which concepts of intimacy were systematically rated to develop an operational definition of the dimensions of intimacy. Self-disclosure was identified as a fundamental aspect of intimacy in interpersonal relationships and marriage. Expression of affection, compatibility, cohesion, identity, and the ability to resolve conflict were also considered important aspects of intimacy. Sexual satisfaction was considered less important than previous definitions of intimacy have suggested. The perception of his or her parents' level of intimacy was thought to influence the subject's own interpersonal relationships. Couples with marital maladjustment and/or psychiatric illness were less aware of aspects of their marriage which influence intimacy. They more frequently disagreed that sexuality influenced their level of intimacy. The study suggests that self-disclosure and parental interpersonal intimacy may be fundamental factors in marital adjustment which merit further research.
从普通人群中随机抽取50名成年人，就他们对亲密关系的概念进行了开放式访谈。从普通人群中随机抽取的第二组样本包括24对夫妻以及24对临床夫妻，他们接受了标准化访谈，在访谈中，对亲密关系的概念进行了系统评分，以形成亲密关系维度的操作性定义。自我表露被确定为人际关系和婚姻中亲密关系的一个基本方面。情感表达、相容性、凝聚力、身份认同以及解决冲突的能力也被认为是亲密关系的重要方面。性满意度被认为不如以前对亲密关系的定义所暗示的那么重要。对自己父母亲密关系程度的认知被认为会影响个体自身的人际关系。婚姻失调和/或患有精神疾病的夫妻对影响亲密关系的婚姻方面了解较少。他们更经常不同意性会影响他们的亲密关系程度。该研究表明，自我表露和父母的人际亲密关系可能是婚姻调适的基本因素，值得进一步研究。
