Greyson B, Stevenson I
Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Oct;137(10):1193-6. doi: 10.1176/ajp.137.10.1193.
The authors studied retrospectively 78 reports of "near-death experiences using subjects narratives and questionnaires, interviews, and medical records. Prior experiences suggestive of transcendence of death were more common among these subjects than among control populations, but prior experiences suggestive of extrasensory phenomena were less common. Subsequent changes in attitudes were more common than among subjects in other studies who had had psychic experiences. The influence of cultural and psychological factors, sensory deprivation, and reflex adaptive responses to stress explain some but not all of the features of near-death experiences. Their potential value to our conceptualization of dying and to suicide prevention and the care of the terminally ill justifies further investigation.
作者回顾性研究了78份关于“濒死体验”的报告，采用了受试者叙述、问卷调查、访谈及医疗记录等方式。在这些受试者中，先前暗示超越死亡的体验比对照组人群更为常见，但先前暗示超感官现象的体验则较少见。与其他有心灵体验的研究中的受试者相比，态度的后续变化更为常见。文化和心理因素、感觉剥夺以及对压力的反射性适应性反应可以解释濒死体验的部分而非全部特征。它们对于我们对死亡的概念化、自杀预防及绝症患者护理的潜在价值，证明值得进一步研究。
