Hotchi M, Okada M, Nasu T
Am J Clin Pathol. 1980 Oct;74(4):410-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/74.4.410.
In order to clarify the present state of opportunistic fungal infections increasing in incidence in autopsy cases, all autopsy cases from 1966 to 1975 reported in the Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan were reviewed. Of the total 233,130 autopsy cases, mycoses were present in 4,340 (1.86%). The incidence of mycoses has strikingly increased during the recent five-year period. In Japan, the mycoses most frequently occurring in autopsy cases were candidiasis (32.28%), aspergillosis (23.08%), cryptococcosis (9.63%), and mucormycosis (2.90%). These occurred more frequently in younger persons and were most commonly secondary and deep-seated infections (95.78%). Among the primary diseases associated with mycoses, aplastic anemia (14.36%), leukemia (9.89%), malignant lymphoma (5.73%), multiple myeloma (4.68%), and systemic lupus erythematosus (4.62%) were most frequent. The incidence of the primary diseases associated with mycoses is increasing extraordinarily, and this seems to be strongly related to the modern therapy of using high doses of anticancer or immunosuppressive agents.
为明确尸检病例中机会性真菌感染发病率上升的现状，我们回顾了《日本病理尸检病例年报》中报道的1966年至1975年期间的所有尸检病例。在总计233,130例尸检病例中，有4,340例（1.86%）存在霉菌感染。霉菌感染的发病率在最近五年期间显著上升。在日本，尸检病例中最常出现的霉菌感染为念珠菌病（32.28%）、曲霉菌病（23.08%）、隐球菌病（9.63%）和毛霉菌病（2.90%）。这些感染在年轻人中更为常见，且最常见的是继发性深部感染（95.78%）。在与霉菌感染相关的原发性疾病中，再生障碍性贫血（14.36%）、白血病（9.89%）、恶性淋巴瘤（5.73%）、多发性骨髓瘤（4.68%）和系统性红斑狼疮（4.62%）最为常见。与霉菌感染相关的原发性疾病的发病率正在异常上升，这似乎与使用高剂量抗癌或免疫抑制剂的现代治疗方法密切相关。
