Swartzendruber D E, Cox K Z, Wilder M E
Differentiation. 1980 Feb;16(1):23-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1980.tb01054.x.
Dual parameter flow cytoenzymology was used to detect biochemical differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells, the undifferentiated, multipotent stem cells of teratocarcinomas. With the use of fluorogenic substrates, two enzyme systems, alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1.) and carboxyl esterase (EC 3.1.1.), were studied. Embryonal carcinoma cells passaged in vitro for several years retained high alkaline phosphatase activities similar to those of embryonal carcinoma cells in embryoid bodies grown in vivo. Similar to the embryonal carcinoma cells in vivo, the in vitro embryonal carcinoma cells were capable of giving rise to progeny with greatly decreased levels of alkaline phosphatase. The embryonal carcinoma cell alkaline phosphatase was inhibited by 1-p-bromotetramisole, suggesting a relationship between this enzyme and somatic, nonintestinal alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes. Determinations of esterase activities in viable teratocarcinoma cells showed that prior to any evidence of morphologic differentiation, the embryonal carcinoma cells are quite heterogeneous with regard to esterase activities.
双参数流式细胞酶学用于检测胚胎癌细胞（畸胎癌的未分化多能干细胞）的生化分化。利用荧光底物，研究了两种酶系统，即碱性磷酸酶（EC 3.1.3.1.）和羧酸酯酶（EC 3.1.1.）。在体外传代数年的胚胎癌细胞保留了与体内生长的胚状体中的胚胎癌细胞相似的高碱性磷酸酶活性。与体内的胚胎癌细胞相似，体外胚胎癌细胞能够产生碱性磷酸酶水平大幅降低的后代。胚胎癌细胞碱性磷酸酶受到1-对溴四咪唑的抑制，表明该酶与体细胞非肠道碱性磷酸酶同工酶之间存在关联。对活的畸胎癌细胞酯酶活性的测定表明，在出现任何形态分化证据之前，胚胎癌细胞在酯酶活性方面相当异质。
