Miller H R
Immunology. 1980 Jul;40(3):325-34.
Several of the parameters related to the efficacy of passive protection against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis were studied in female hybrid (PVG/c x DA)F1 and outbred Wistar rats. The time after infection at which immune serum was given did, to some extent, alter the degree of protection conferred. There was substantial protection 8 days after challenge in rats given hyperimmune serum (HIS) either as daily injections 4-7 days post-infection or as a single dose on day 4. Eight separate experiments in which HIS was injected 4 days after challenge with 1000 l3 resulted in expulsion of 96 +/- 2% of the worm burdens by day 8. In a further six experiments, following infection with 2000 l3 and using the same protocol, 85 +/- 3% of the worm burden was expelled by day 8. A lag of 2 days between serum transfer and commencement of worm expulsion was consistently observed and, within the space of a further 2-4 days, more than 95% of the parasites were expelled. Transplanted 'normal' and 'damaged' adult worms were also susceptible to the passive transfer of HIS. Sera recovered from rats immunized with two or three challenges (hyperimmune sera) were more protective than sera from rats given one challenge. Serum from rats challenged for the first time 6 days previously conferred significant protection against a 1000 l3 infection and sera recovered 8 and 10-12 days post-infection with 4000 l3 protected recipients with increasing effectiveness. Thoracic duct lymph collected on the tenth day of infection with 4000 l3 was also protective. The response to both primary infection and hyperimmune serum was dose-dependent. The consistently good protection achieved in the present study when compared with the variable success of previous experiments (reviewed by Ogilvie & Jones, 1971) may be a function of the strain and sex of the rats used, together with modifications of the immunization protocols. The relevance of these findings to mucosal defences against N. brasiliensis is discussed.
在雌性杂种（PVG/c×DA）F1和远交系Wistar大鼠中，研究了与巴西日圆线虫被动保护效果相关的几个参数。给予免疫血清的感染后时间在一定程度上改变了所提供的保护程度。在感染后4 - 7天每天注射超免疫血清（HIS）或在第4天给予单剂量超免疫血清的大鼠中，攻击后8天有显著的保护作用。在8个单独的实验中，用1000条感染性幼虫攻击后4天注射HIS，到第8天96±2%的虫负荷被排出。在另外6个实验中，感染2000条感染性幼虫并采用相同方案，到第8天85±3%的虫负荷被排出。血清转移和排虫开始之间始终观察到2天的延迟，并且在另外2 - 4天内，超过95%的寄生虫被排出。移植的“正常”和“受损”成虫也易受HIS的被动转移影响。用两次或三次攻击免疫的大鼠所获得的血清（超免疫血清）比用一次攻击的大鼠的血清更具保护作用。6天前首次受到攻击的大鼠的血清对1000条感染性幼虫感染有显著保护作用，感染4000条感染性幼虫后第8天和第10 - 12天收集的血清对受体的保护作用越来越有效。感染4000条感染性幼虫第10天收集的胸导管淋巴也具有保护作用。对初次感染和超免疫血清的反应均呈剂量依赖性。与先前实验的不同成功情况（Ogilvie和Jones，1971综述）相比，本研究中始终获得的良好保护可能是所用大鼠的品系和性别以及免疫方案修改的结果。讨论了这些发现与针对巴西日圆线虫的黏膜防御的相关性。
