Behar J, Biancani P
J Clin Invest. 1980 Dec;66(6):1231-9. doi: 10.1172/JCI109974.
We studied the effect of cholecystokinin (CCK) and the octapeptide of cholecystokinin (OP-CCK) on the feline gallbladder and sphinecter of Oddi. Both CCK caused a dose-dependent gallbladder contraction and sphincter of Oddi relaxation. The half-maximal responses of the sphincter of Oddi were 6 ng/kg for OP-CCK and 0.15 Ivy-dog U/kg for CCK, which were lower than those of the gallbladder with 28 ng/kg and 0.32 Ivy-dog U/kg, respectively. The effect of OP-CCK on the gallbladder was partially blocked by tetrodotoxin (P < 0.02), hexamethonium alone (P < 0.05), or a combination of hexamethonium and atropine (P < 0.01). The gallbladder response to CCK was not blocked by either atropine alone (P < 0.60) or adrenergic antagonists (P > 0.40). The sphincter of Oddi response to OP-CCK was blocked by tetrodotoxin (P < 0.001) but it was not blocked by cholinergic (P < 0.20) or adrenergic antagonists (P < 0.60). After complete denervation with tetrodotoxin, OP-CCK caused sphincter of Oddi contraction. These findings indicate that there are two excitatory receptors for CCK in the gallbladder, one at the cholinergic neurons and the other at the level of the gallbladder muscle. There are also two receptors for CCK in the sphincter of Oddi, one that is inhibitory, and present at the noncholinergic, nonadrenergic neurons, and the other, excitatory, at the circular muscle.
我们研究了胆囊收缩素（CCK）和胆囊收缩素八肽（OP - CCK）对猫胆囊及奥迪括约肌的作用。CCK均引起胆囊收缩及奥迪括约肌舒张，且呈剂量依赖性。奥迪括约肌对OP - CCK的半数最大反应为6 ng/kg，对CCK为0.15 Ivy - dog U/kg，均低于胆囊对其的半数最大反应，胆囊对OP - CCK和CCK的半数最大反应分别为28 ng/kg和0.32 Ivy - dog U/kg。OP - CCK对胆囊的作用部分被河豚毒素（P < 0.02）、单独的六甲铵（P < 0.05）或六甲铵与阿托品联合应用（P < 0.01）所阻断。胆囊对CCK的反应既不被单独的阿托品（P < 0.60）也不被肾上腺素能拮抗剂（P > 0.40）所阻断。奥迪括约肌对OP - CCK的反应被河豚毒素（P < 0.001）所阻断，但不被胆碱能拮抗剂（P < 0.20）或肾上腺素能拮抗剂（P < 0.60）所阻断。在用河豚毒素完全去神经后，OP - CCK引起奥迪括约肌收缩。这些发现表明，胆囊中存在两种CCK兴奋性受体，一种位于胆碱能神经元，另一种位于胆囊肌层水平。奥迪括约肌中也存在两种CCK受体，一种是抑制性的，存在于非胆碱能、非肾上腺素能神经元，另一种是兴奋性的，存在于环行肌。
