Walls L L, Kleinstein R
J Am Optom Assoc. 1980 Aug;51(8):747-52.
Diabetes is a multifaceted, poorly understood disease and affects approximately 3% of the United States population. Diabetes is the fifth leading cause of death and is the leading cause of blindness in adults. The metabolic pathway which leads to the complications of diabetes is probably the polyol pathway. Diabetes often is a very difficult diagnosis to make and is made based on findings from the history, physical examination, and laboratory data. Routine baseline laboratory testing should be obtained in all new diabetics because of the complications of diabetes. The new classification of diabetes is type 1 and type 2 as opposed to the old classification of juvenile and adult onset. The optometrist should be intimately involved in managing the diabetic patient.
糖尿病是一种多方面且尚未被充分了解的疾病，影响着约3%的美国人口。糖尿病是第五大死因，也是成年人失明的主要原因。导致糖尿病并发症的代谢途径可能是多元醇途径。糖尿病的诊断通常非常困难，需根据病史、体格检查和实验室数据来做出诊断。由于糖尿病会引发并发症，所有新诊断的糖尿病患者都应进行常规基线实验室检查。糖尿病的新分类为1型和2型，与旧的青少年发病型和成人发病型分类不同。验光师应密切参与糖尿病患者的管理。
