Goudy W J, Powers E A, Keith P M, Reger R A
J Gerontol. 1980 Nov;35(6):942-8. doi: 10.1093/geronj/35.6.942.
Although societal evaluations of retirement may be changing, we hypothesized that attitudes toward retirement change little as persons pass through the years normally associated with retirement. To test this and other hypotheses, data were analyzed from a panel study of 1,152 older Iowa males. Results suggest that changes in retirement attitudes tend to be relatively insignificant. Selected occupational categories differ, however, as do employed and retired persons at the end of the 10-year study. Also, results vary somewhat by the item used to measure attitudes toward retirement, with more negative attitudes toward personal dimensions of retirement and greater acceptance of the societal dimensions.
尽管社会对退休的评价可能正在发生变化，但我们假设，随着人们度过通常与退休相关的岁月，他们对退休的态度变化不大。为了检验这一假设及其他假设，我们对爱荷华州1152名老年男性的一项面板研究数据进行了分析。结果表明，退休态度的变化往往相对不显著。然而，不同的职业类别存在差异，在这项为期10年的研究结束时，在职者和退休者也有所不同。此外，根据用于衡量退休态度的项目不同，结果也略有差异，对退休个人层面的态度更消极，对社会层面的接受度更高。
