Kozub F J, West B L
J Gen Psychol. 1980 Oct;103(2d Half):179-90. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1980.9920997.
The purpose of these studies was to assess the appropriateness of control groups in previous thirst conditining studies and to demonstrate that conditioned drinking can be viewed as a classically conditioned appetitive response. In Experiment I (N = 48) thirst was conditioned by the procedure employed by Solomon and Swanson [see Mowrer (11)]. With the use of a "novel cage" group, suppression rather than enhancement of intake was obtained. These and other investigators' results were interpreted in the light of the appropriateness of control groups. In Experiment II (N = 30) rate demonstrated increased water intake at zero hours water deprivation in the presence of an external stimulus previously paired with an increasing motive state. Intakes monitored at half-hour intervals revealed that "low-to-high" drive associated stimuli did not affect overall intake but did induce differentiation in drinking patterns causing first enhancement and then reduction in intake amounts. The results were agreement with Seligman et al. (14) who suggested that elicitation of the prepared mechanism evokes drinking, but water regulation controls do not allow prolonged hyperdipsia.
这些研究的目的是评估先前口渴条件反射研究中对照组的适宜性，并证明条件性饮水可被视为一种经典条件性食欲反应。在实验I（N = 48）中，采用所罗门和斯旺森所使用的程序来诱发口渴[见莫勒（11）]。通过使用“新笼子”组，得到的是饮水量的抑制而非增加。根据对照组的适宜性对这些以及其他研究者的结果进行了解释。在实验II（N = 30）中，发现在先前与动机增强状态配对的外部刺激存在的情况下，在禁水0小时时水摄入量增加。以半小时为间隔监测的摄入量显示，“低到高”驱力相关刺激并未影响总体摄入量，但确实在饮水模式上引发了差异，导致摄入量先增加后减少。这些结果与塞利格曼等人（14）的观点一致，他们认为激活预设机制会引发饮水，但水调节控制不允许长时间的过度饮水。
