Evaldson G, Lagrelius A, Winiarski J
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1980;59(5):385-93. doi: 10.3109/00016348009155416.
The etiology of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) has been investigated in 30 consecutive cases and 30 matched controls. The significance of several possible factors predisposing to this condition is discussed and the obstetric and pediatric outcome reviewed. Significantly increased frequencies of previous genital operations, cervical operations and lacerations were found in the PROM group, which also contained significantly more heavy smokers. The relation between the length of the PROM delivery time interval and the risks of prematurity and infection are discussed. Patients delivered > 24 hours after PROM had significantly more puerperal infections than those with a latent period of < 24 hours. Maternal fever was found to be an unreliable prognostic indicator. The incidence of puerperal infection amounted to 27 per cent in the PROM group. A 12 per cent incidence of proven neonatal septicaemia contributed to a high perinatal mortality rate (17.6 per cent).
对连续30例胎膜早破（PROM）病例及30例匹配对照进行了胎膜早破病因的调查。讨论了几种可能诱发该病症的因素的重要性，并回顾了产科和儿科结局。胎膜早破组中既往生殖器手术、宫颈手术和裂伤的发生率显著增加，该组中重度吸烟者也明显更多。讨论了胎膜早破至分娩时间间隔的长短与早产和感染风险之间的关系。胎膜早破后>24小时分娩的患者产褥感染明显多于潜伏期<24小时的患者。发现母体发热是一个不可靠的预后指标。胎膜早破组产褥感染发生率为27%。确诊的新生儿败血症发生率为12%，导致围产儿死亡率较高（17.6%）。
