Ritter M A, Eitzen H E, Hart J B, French M L
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1980 Nov-Dec(153):204-9.
A comprehensive evaluation of all factors associated with the surgeon's garb worn with and without laminar air flow revealed that in a conventional operating room, all personnel should wear an impermeable one-piece suit with foot attachments, any type of head cover, and, if they are going to be near the operative site or instrument table, a disposable mask. Scrub personnel should wear some type of a disposable gown to reduce the amount of surface contamination. The best way to reduce the environmental and surface contamination would be for all personnel to wear some type of a hooded exhaust equipment, but this is impractical both for circulating nurses and for anesthesiologists. Despite the reduction obtained from all the above controls, the reduction in the amount of bacterial contamination would not be as great as that obtained with laminar air flow, 93% (p < 0.005). Laminar air flow produced the greatest single reduction in environmental and surface contamination and variables such as time, people and attire did not influence the overall counts. The attire recommended for the conventional operating room can be used in laminar air flow with an expectation of overall reduction in contamination.
对在有和没有层流的情况下外科医生着装的所有相关因素进行的全面评估表明，在传统手术室中，所有人员都应穿着带脚部连接的不透水连体服、任何类型的头罩，并且如果他们要靠近手术部位或器械台，应佩戴一次性口罩。刷手人员应穿着某种一次性手术衣以减少表面污染量。减少环境和表面污染的最佳方法是所有人员都佩戴某种带帽排气设备，但这对巡回护士和麻醉医生来说都不切实际。尽管通过上述所有控制措施可实现污染量的减少，但细菌污染量的减少幅度不如层流条件下的大，层流条件下减少了93%（p<0.005）。层流在减少环境和表面污染方面效果最为显著，时间、人员和着装等变量不会影响总体计数。推荐用于传统手术室的着装也可用于层流环境，有望实现总体污染量的减少。
