Rosett H L, Weiner L, Edelin K C
Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Jan;57(1):1-7.
The effects of alcohol on the fetus include a wide range of problems; the complete fetal alcohol syndrome is the extreme end of the spectrum. At critical doses alcohol has the potential for multiple adverse effects on the maternal--placental--fetal system. Variability of outcome probably is related to individual differences in drinking patterns as well as in biologic susceptibility. At Boston City Hospital Prenatal Clinic, therapy was provided for pregnant women who reported drinking heavily. Reduction in maternal alcohol consumption before the third trimester was associated with improved neonatal outcome. The obstetrician's office is a potential site for prevention programs. A 10-question drinking history enables physicians to identify pregnant women at risk. Supportive counseling focused on reduction of alcohol use can be integrated with regular prenatal care. Pregnant women who do not respond promptly should be referred to specialized treatment programs. This strategy has the potential to improve the health of both mother and infant.
酒精对胎儿的影响包括一系列广泛的问题；完整的胎儿酒精综合征是这一范围的极端情况。在临界剂量时，酒精有可能对母体 - 胎盘 - 胎儿系统产生多种不良影响。结果的变异性可能与饮酒模式以及生物易感性的个体差异有关。在波士顿市医院产前诊所，为报告大量饮酒的孕妇提供了治疗。孕晚期前减少孕妇酒精摄入量与改善新生儿结局相关。产科医生办公室是开展预防项目的潜在场所。一份包含10个问题的饮酒史能使医生识别出有风险的孕妇。专注于减少酒精使用的支持性咨询可以与常规产前护理相结合。对不及时做出反应的孕妇应转介至专门的治疗项目。这一策略有可能改善母婴双方的健康。
