Feldman C H, Hutchinson V E, Pippenger C E, Blumenfeld T A, Feldman B R, Davis W J
Pediatrics. 1980 Dec;66(6):956-62.
Theophylline metabolism can be altered by a variety of abnormal physiologic states as well as by exogenous factors. Adult studies demonstrate a significant influence of dietary composition on theophylline biotransformation. To examine this effect of diet, 14 children with bronchial asthma were studied during long-term theophylline administration. Each patient was maintained for 12 days on three separate diets with varying proportions of protein and carbohydrate and with constant calories and fat. Results showed significant differences in drug half-life and metabolic clearance rate parameters. Compared to the normal diet, high protein diet markedly decreased the half-life, and high carbohydrate diet greatly prolonged it (P < .001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated these differences to correlate only with the dietary alterations. Adverse reactions and blood chemistry abnormalities were not detected during any test period. These findings firmly establish that nutritional factors exert a significant influence on theophylline pharmacokinetics in children.
茶碱代谢可因多种异常生理状态以及外源性因素而改变。成人研究表明饮食组成对茶碱生物转化有显著影响。为研究饮食的这种作用，对14例支气管哮喘患儿在长期服用茶碱期间进行了研究。每位患者分别采用三种不同的饮食方案维持12天，这些饮食方案中蛋白质和碳水化合物的比例不同，但热量和脂肪含量恒定。结果显示药物半衰期和代谢清除率参数存在显著差异。与正常饮食相比，高蛋白饮食显著缩短半衰期，高碳水化合物饮食则使其显著延长（P <.001）。多元回归分析表明这些差异仅与饮食改变相关。在任何测试期间均未检测到不良反应和血液化学异常。这些发现确凿地证实营养因素对儿童茶碱药代动力学有显著影响。
