Schoenhard G L, Hendricks J D, Nixon J E, Lee D J, Wales J H, Sinnhuber R O, Pawlowski N E
Cancer Res. 1981 Mar;41(3):1011-4.
Aflatoxicol (AFL), a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in the Mt. Shasta rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), was found to produce hepatocellular carcinoma in trout. It was administered in a casein diet to duplicate groups of 120 fingering trout. In the same manner, additional duplicate groups received one of the following: no toxicant; AFB1; the diastereomer of AFL (AFL'); cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA); and CPFA plus AFB1, AFL, and AFL'. Eight months after the initiation of the study, the following incidences of carcinoma were observed: control (0%); 20 ppb AFB1 (56%); 29 ppb AFL (26%); 61 ppb AFL' (0%); 50 ppm CPFA (3%); 20 ppb AFB1 plus 50 ppm CPFA (96%); 29 ppb AFL plus 50 ppm CPFA (94%); and 61 ppb AFL' plus 50 ppm CPFA (55%), showing both the carcinogenicity of AFL and the synergistic effects of CPFA. Twelve-month incidences were correspondingly higher in all cases. Aflatoxin M1, another metabolite of AFB1 in rainbow trout, was reported previously to be carcinogenic in trout. These results support the hypothesis that metabolism in rainbow trout does not effectively detoxify AFB1, but rather the formation of AFL extends the carcinogenicity of AFB1 and may contribute to the high sensitivity of rainbow trout to AFB.
黄曲霉毒素醇（AFL）是沙斯塔山虹鳟（Salmo gairdneri）体内黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）的主要代谢产物，已发现其可在虹鳟体内诱发肝细胞癌。将其添加到酪蛋白饲料中，投喂给每组120尾幼龄虹鳟。同样地，另外几组重复实验对象分别投喂以下物质：无毒素；AFB1；AFL的非对映异构体（AFL'）；环丙烯脂肪酸（CPFA）；以及CPFA加AFB1、AFL和AFL'。在研究开始8个月后，观察到以下肝癌发生率：对照组（0%）；20 ppb AFB1（56%）；29 ppb AFL（26%）；61 ppb AFL'（0%）；50 ppm CPFA（3%）；20 ppb AFB1加50 ppm CPFA（96%）；29 ppb AFL加50 ppm CPFA（94%）；以及61 ppb AFL'加50 ppm CPFA（55%），这既显示了AFL的致癌性，也显示了CPFA的协同作用。在所有情况下，12个月时的发生率相应更高。虹鳟体内AFB1的另一种代谢产物黄曲霉毒素M1，此前报道在虹鳟体内具有致癌性。这些结果支持了以下假设：虹鳟体内的代谢过程不能有效地使AFB1解毒，相反，AFL的形成延长了AFB1的致癌性，可能导致虹鳟对AFB具有高敏感性。
