Scherwitz L, Berton K, Leventhal H
Psychosom Med. 1978 Dec;40(8):593-609. doi: 10.1097/00006842-197812000-00002.
Coronary-prone Type A and noncoronary-prone Type B students were challenged by a battery of tasks including cold pressor, mental arithmetic, behavior type interview, and the generation and expression of emotions. Measures of blood pressure, heart rate, and digital vasoconstriction were intercorrelated with reported distress, performance, speech characteristics, emotional intensity, and self-references. The major difference between the two behavior types concerned self-references, measured as the frequency of personal pronouns employed in speech. The Type A's who referred to themselves frequently had a markedly higher systolic blood pressure, a slightly higher diastolic blood pressure, a lower heart rate, higher distress ratings to cold water, and more extreme voice emphasis and emotional intensity than Type A's who referred to themselves less frequently. The Type B's have little relationship of self-references to any of the measures taken. The possible role of self-involvement in generating Type A behavior and cardiovascular response is discussed.
易患冠心病的A型学生和不易患冠心病的B型学生接受了一系列任务的挑战，包括冷加压、心算、行为类型访谈以及情绪的产生和表达。血压、心率和手指血管收缩的测量结果与报告的痛苦、表现、言语特征、情绪强度和自我提及之间相互关联。两种行为类型之间的主要差异在于自我提及，以言语中使用人称代词的频率来衡量。频繁提及自己的A型学生比很少提及自己的A型学生收缩压明显更高，舒张压略高，心率更低，对冷水的痛苦评分更高，声音强调和情绪强度更极端。B型学生的自我提及与所采取的任何测量指标几乎没有关系。文中讨论了自我参与在产生A型行为和心血管反应中可能发挥的作用。
