Hemminki K
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1980;47(3):191-207. doi: 10.1007/BF00381678.
Literature was surveyed concerning the teratological testing of chemicals, to which large numbers of workers are occupationally exposed. They include metals, plastics monomers and additives, solvents, and other organic chemicals. The effective doses used in the studies were compared to the potential exposures in the occupational environment as regulated by hygienic standards. In light of the animal experiments, the TLVs for some organic chemicals, particularly for acrylonitrile, methacrylate esters, styrene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, methylene chloride, toluene and xylene, appeared too high to provide absolute safety for pregnant workers. The mechanisms of teratogenesis and the validity of the animal experiments were also considered.
针对大量工人在职业中接触到的化学物质的致畸性测试进行了文献调研。这些化学物质包括金属、塑料单体和添加剂、溶剂以及其他有机化学品。将研究中使用的有效剂量与卫生标准规定的职业环境中的潜在接触剂量进行了比较。根据动物实验结果,一些有机化学品的阈限值,特别是丙烯腈、甲基丙烯酸酯、苯乙烯、二硫化碳、氯仿、二氯甲烷、甲苯和二甲苯的阈限值,似乎过高,无法为怀孕工人提供绝对安全保障。还考虑了致畸作用机制和动物实验的有效性。