Alexander C S, Weisman C S, Chase G A
Med Care. 1981 Jan;19(1):80-9. doi: 10.1097/00005650-198101000-00009.
Despite widespread support in the nursing literature for the adoption of primary nursing as the optimal method of organizing hospital nursing care, little empirical evidence exists as to its effects on patients or nursing staff. This study compares units that have employed primary nursing for at least five months (N = 31) with nonprimary units (N = 20) in two large university-affiliated hospitals. Comparisons are made with respect to structural attributes of nursing units, nurses' perceptions of their jobs and units, and three outcomes: nurses' job satisfaction, absenteeism rates and resignation rates for the units. No significant differences are found between primary and nonprimary nursing with respect to measures of job satisfaction. Primary units at one hospital exhibit lower resignation and absenteeism rates than do nonprimary units. The adoption of primary nursing is discussed in light of these findings.
尽管护理文献中广泛支持采用责任制护理作为组织医院护理的最佳方法，但关于其对患者或护理人员影响的实证证据却很少。本研究比较了两所大型大学附属医院中采用责任制护理至少五个月的科室（N = 31）和非责任制护理科室（N = 20）。比较内容包括护理科室的结构属性、护士对其工作和科室的看法，以及三个结果：护士的工作满意度、科室的缺勤率和离职率。在工作满意度测量方面，责任制护理和非责任制护理之间未发现显著差异。一所医院的责任制护理科室的离职率和缺勤率低于非责任制护理科室。根据这些研究结果对责任制护理的采用进行了讨论。
