Chiba H
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 1995 Sep;53(9):2183-7.
Methods for bound/free (B/F) separation in enzyme immunoassay are reviewed. In liquid-phase enzyme immunoassays, double antibody methods are used in small laboratories. In solid-phase enzyme immunoassay, which is a more popular and convenient method, antibody (antigen) is usually bound to the support by physical adsorption, and B/F separation is accomplished by washing the solid phase. Covalent binding of proteins, DNA, and oligosaccharides is also possible by using chemically modified supports. Indirect binding of antibody (antigen) to the support mediated by avidin-biotin methods has several merits in comparison with direct methods and double antibody methods. The immune complex transfer method has been used for ultrasensitive assays. The use of magnetic particles as a support can accelerate the immune complex formation, and is becoming more popular in clinical laboratories. A rapid sandwich enzyme immunoassay, using a porous filter as a support, has been developed for dry chemistry.
综述了酶免疫测定中结合态/游离态（B/F）分离的方法。在液相酶免疫测定中，小型实验室采用双抗体法。在固相酶免疫测定中，这是一种更常用且方便的方法，抗体（抗原）通常通过物理吸附结合到载体上，通过洗涤固相来实现B/F分离。通过使用化学修饰的载体，蛋白质、DNA和寡糖的共价结合也是可行的。与直接法和双抗体法相比，抗生物素蛋白-生物素方法介导的抗体（抗原）与载体的间接结合具有几个优点。免疫复合物转移法已用于超灵敏测定。使用磁性颗粒作为载体可加速免疫复合物的形成，并且在临床实验室中越来越受欢迎。一种以多孔滤膜为载体的快速夹心酶免疫测定法已被开发用于干化学分析。
