Carlson D L, Fleming K C, Smith G E, Evans J M
Alzheimer's Disease Center, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1995 Nov;70(11):1108-15. doi: 10.4065/70.11.1108.
To describe practical nonpharmacologic approaches to dementia-related behavioral problems for enhancement of the function and care of elderly patients with dementia.
We reviewed the pertinent medical literature and summarized strategies and available resources for management of geriatric patients with dementia and behavior problems.
For optimal care of older patients with dementia, key concepts of related behavior problems must be understood. Agitation and aggression, resisting help with care, wandering, incontinence, sleep disturbance, and emotional lability can become difficult management issues with such patients. In some patients, these disruptions can lead to overmedication and nursing home placement. Herein, practical nonpharmacologic measures for management of behavior problems that arise among community-dwelling and institutionalized elderly patients with dementia are discussed. Attention is directed to the medical, psychologic, environmental, and social factors that may contribute to unwanted behaviors.
Nonpharmacologic approaches can help ameliorate behavioral problems and assist in the overall care of elderly patients with dementia.
描述针对痴呆相关行为问题的实用非药物方法，以增强老年痴呆患者的功能及护理。
我们回顾了相关医学文献，并总结了管理老年痴呆及行为问题患者的策略和可用资源。
为了对老年痴呆患者进行最佳护理，必须理解相关行为问题的关键概念。激越与攻击行为、抗拒护理帮助、徘徊、失禁、睡眠障碍以及情绪不稳定，对于这类患者而言可能成为难以处理的问题。在一些患者中，这些干扰因素可能导致过度用药以及入住养老院。在此，我们讨论了针对社区居住及机构化老年痴呆患者出现的行为问题的实用非药物管理措施。我们关注了可能导致不良行为的医学、心理、环境及社会因素。
非药物方法有助于改善行为问题，并辅助老年痴呆患者的整体护理。
