Marshall M, Hogg L I, Gath D H, Lockwood A
University Department of Psychiatry, Littlemore Hospital, Oxford.
Psychol Med. 1995 May;25(3):605-17. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700033511.
This paper describes a modified version of the MRC Needs for Care Schedule (the Cardinal Needs Schedule), for measuring needs for psychiatric and social care amongst patients with severe psychiatric disorders. The modified schedule has three new features: (i) it is quick and easy to use; (ii) it takes systematic account of the views of patients and their carers; (iii) it defines and identifies need in a way that is concise and easy to interpret. The paper describes why the three new features were considered necessary, and then gives an overview of the structure of the Cardinal Needs Schedule, together with a description of how the three new features were developed. During a study of social services care management the practicality of the modified schedule was investigated and further data were obtained on the reliability and validity of the standardized approach to measuring need, in domains not previously investigated. Because of its speed and simplicity, the Cardinal Needs Schedule offers a new choice to researchers who wish to use a standardized and practical assessment of need in evaluative studies of community care. Examples of the usage of the modified schedule are given in an Appendix.
本文介绍了医学研究委员会护理需求量表（核心需求量表）的一个修订版本，用于衡量重症精神障碍患者的精神护理和社会护理需求。修订后的量表有三个新特点：（i）使用快速简便；（ii）系统考虑了患者及其护理人员的意见；（iii）以简洁且易于解释的方式定义和识别需求。本文阐述了为何认为这三个新特点是必要的，接着概述了核心需求量表的结构，并描述了这三个新特点是如何形成的。在一项社会服务护理管理研究中，对修订后量表的实用性进行了调查，并在之前未研究过的领域获得了关于衡量需求的标准化方法的可靠性和有效性的进一步数据。由于其速度快且简单，核心需求量表为希望在社区护理评估研究中使用标准化且实用的需求评估方法的研究人员提供了新的选择。附录中给出了修订后量表的使用示例。
