Ekblom A, Segerdahl M, Sollevi A
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1995 Aug;39(6):717-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1995.tb04158.x.
Adenosine is an endogenously produced substance which in animal experiments exerts anti-nociceptive effects. In humans, algesic effects have been presented following exogenous adenosine administration. A recent study on anaesthetized patients, however, suggested an anti-nociceptive effect during i.v. adenosine. We have studied the pain-reducing effect in healthy volunteers using adenosine 50-80 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 (n = 10), morphine 0.1 mg.kg-1 (n = 5), adenosine 50 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 + morphine 0.1 mg.kg-1 (n = 6), and ketamine 0.1 mg.kg-1 (n = 5); all drugs given i.v., single-blind. Quantitative sensory tests (QST) revealed a significantly increased cutaneous heat pain threshold following adenosine. No effect was seen following ketamine or morphine. Suprathreshold heat pain perception was unchanged in all subjects. Furthermore, warm and cold perception thresholds were not influenced significantly by any drug. Adenosine, morphine and ketamine produced well-known side-effects but of a mild intensity not necessitating any treatment. The present results show that i.v. adenosine can provide a modest but selective increase of cutaneous heat pain thresholds, suggesting a pain-reducing capacity of adenosine in humans.
腺苷是一种内源性产生的物质，在动物实验中具有抗伤害感受作用。在人类中，外源性给予腺苷后出现了致痛作用。然而，最近一项针对麻醉患者的研究表明，静脉注射腺苷时具有抗伤害感受作用。我们使用50 - 80微克·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹的腺苷（n = 10）、0.1毫克·千克⁻¹的吗啡（n = 5）、50微克·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹的腺苷 + 0.1毫克·千克⁻¹的吗啡（n = 6）以及0.1毫克·千克⁻¹的氯胺酮（n = 5），对健康志愿者进行了疼痛减轻效果的研究；所有药物均通过静脉注射，采用单盲法。定量感觉测试（QST）显示，腺苷给药后皮肤热痛阈值显著升高。氯胺酮或吗啡给药后未见效果。所有受试者的阈上热痛觉均未改变。此外，温觉和冷觉阈值均未受到任何药物的显著影响。腺苷、吗啡和氯胺酮均产生了众所周知的副作用，但强度较轻，无需任何治疗。目前的结果表明，静脉注射腺苷可适度但选择性地提高皮肤热痛阈值，提示腺苷在人类中具有减轻疼痛的能力。
