Tarr M J, Bülthoff H H
Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1995 Dec;21(6):1494-505. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.21.6.1494.
Is human object recognition viewpoint dependent or viewpoint invariant under "everyday" conditions? I. Biederman and P.C. Gerhardstein (1993) argued that viewpoint-invariant mechanisms are used almost exclusively. However, our analysis indicates that (a) their conditions for immediate viewpoint invariance lack the generality to characterize a wide range of recognition phenomena, (b) the extensive body of viewpoint-dependent results cannot be dismissed as processing "by-products" or "experimental artifacts," and (c) geon structural descriptions cannot coherently account for category recognition, the domain they are intended to explain. The weight of current evidence supports an exemplar-based multiple-views mechanism as an important component of both exemplar-specific and categorical recognition.
在“日常”条件下，人类的物体识别是依赖视角的还是视角不变的？I. 比德曼和P.C. 格哈德斯坦（1993年）认为几乎只使用视角不变机制。然而，我们的分析表明：（a）他们关于即时视角不变性的条件缺乏表征广泛识别现象的普遍性；（b）大量依赖视角的结果不能被当作处理“副产品”或“实验假象”而不予考虑；（c）几何子结构描述无法连贯地解释类别识别，而这正是它们想要解释的领域。当前证据的权重支持基于范例的多视图机制，该机制是范例特定识别和类别识别的重要组成部分。
