Skrinjar M, Stubblefield R D, Stojanović E, Dimić G
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Yugoslavia.
Acta Vet Hung. 1995;43(2-3):259-67.
The occurrence of Fusarium spp. and zearalenone (F-2 toxin) in dairy cattle feeds was studied during a period of three years (in all seasons) in Vojvodina. Fusarium species were found to be very common in feeds. They were classified into 11 different species (F. chlamydosporum, F. equiseti, F. flocciferum, F. graminearum, F. lateritium, F. moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. tabacinum and F. tricinctum). Some of these species are known to produce mycotoxins. The highest distribution of Fusarium spp. was observed in the autumn and spring of the second research year, when 53 and 56% of the feed samples, respectively, were contaminated with them. F. oxysporum and F. moniliforme were the most prevalent species throughout the three-year study. Zearalenone was found in various feed samples at concentrations between 140.00 and 960.00 micrograms/kg in all seasons, except in the summer of the first year, in the winter of the second year and in the autumn of the third research year. Pelleted sugar beet pulp and pelleted malt spent grains were the feeds most contaminated with this toxin. Thirty-five out of the 275 feed samples contained zearalenone and 11 of them were contaminated with zearalenone-producing moulds and zearalenone at the same time.
在伏伊伏丁那地区开展了一项为期三年（涵盖所有季节）的研究，调查奶牛饲料中镰刀菌属及玉米赤霉烯酮（F-2毒素）的出现情况。结果发现镰刀菌属在饲料中极为常见。它们被分为11个不同的物种（厚垣镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌、絮状镰刀菌、禾谷镰刀菌、砖红镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌、半裸镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、烟草镰刀菌和三线镰刀菌）。其中一些物种已知会产生霉菌毒素。在第二个研究年度的秋季和春季观察到镰刀菌属的分布最为广泛，分别有53%和56%的饲料样本被其污染。在为期三年的研究中，尖孢镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌是最普遍的物种。除了第一年夏季、第二年冬季和第三个研究年度秋季外，在所有季节的各种饲料样本中均检测到玉米赤霉烯酮，其浓度在140.00至960.00微克/千克之间。颗粒状甜菜粕和颗粒状麦芽糟粕是受这种毒素污染最严重的饲料。275个饲料样本中有35个含有玉米赤霉烯酮，其中11个同时被产生玉米赤霉烯酮的霉菌和玉米赤霉烯酮污染。
