Bottos M, Puato M L, Vianello A, Facchin P
Servizio di Recupero e Rieducazione Funzionale, Bologna, Italy.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1995 Oct;37(10):883-99. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1995.tb11941.x.
Locomotion patterns were studied in 160 children with cerebral palsy. Ten patterns were distinguished, which were typical of the type of impairment: (1) crawling--mildly impaired children who will achieve independent walking; (2) creeping and crawling--diplegic children with moderate motor impairment; (3) creeping, never leading to independent walking--children with severe diplegia or tetraplegia; (4) bottom shuffling--children with hemiplegia and ataxia and minimal or mild motor impairment; (5) bunny-hopping--dyskinetic children with marked motor impairment but generally not mentally retarded; (6) rolling--severely diplegic and dyskinetic children; (7) other forms of locomotion, such as bridging or grub-type creeping, rare and typical of children with ataxic elements; (8) just walk--children with hemiplegia, diplegia, ataxic diplegia or ataxia, generally in cases of mild motor impairment but mental retardation; (9) just walk with aids--children with severe diplegia; and (10) no mobility. The locomotion pattern, age at onset and even manner of execution all influenced prognosis for walking. Severe deformity affected the choice of locomotion pattern. Though physiotherapy probably would not greatly influence the adoption of a particular locomotion pattern, early intervention might help prevent deformities.
对160名脑瘫患儿的运动模式进行了研究。区分出了10种模式，这些模式是损伤类型所特有的：(1) 爬行——轻度受损且能实现独立行走的儿童；(2) 匍匐和爬行——中度运动障碍的双侧瘫儿童；(3) 匍匐，从不导致独立行走——严重双侧瘫或四肢瘫的儿童；(4) 臀部拖地行走——偏瘫和共济失调且运动障碍轻微或轻度的儿童；(5) 兔跳——运动障碍明显但一般无智力障碍的运动障碍型儿童；(6) 滚动——严重双侧瘫和运动障碍型儿童；(7) 其他运动形式，如搭桥或蛴螬式匍匐，罕见且是有共济失调因素儿童的典型表现；(8) 直接行走——偏瘫、双侧瘫患、共济失调性双侧瘫或共济失调的儿童，一般是运动障碍轻微但有智力障碍的情况；(9) 借助辅助器具行走——严重双侧瘫的儿童；以及(10) 无活动能力。运动模式、发病年龄甚至执行方式都会影响行走预后。严重畸形会影响运动模式的选择。虽然物理治疗可能不会对特定运动模式的采用产生很大影响，但早期干预可能有助于预防畸形。
