Liao H F, Lee S C, Lien I N, Chen C J, Soong W T, Tseng C C
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C.
J Formos Med Assoc. 1992 Mar;91(3):334-41.
To investigate the association between pre-walking locomotor strategies and psychomotor developments in children with mental retardation (MR), 50 children with non-specific MR were included in this study. There were 29 boys and 21 girls, 96% of whom had moderate to severe MR. They were followed from 4-53 months to 25-99 months of age, and their follow-up periods ranged from 10 to 48 months (mean 30 months). According to the pre-walking locomotor strategies, these children were categorized into three groups: the crawling group (n = 34) who used crawling or creeping as their main locomotion pattern before independent walking; the shuffling group (n = 9) who used shuffling prior to independent walking; and the direct-walking group (n = 7) who did not have any other locomotor strategies except rolling. In almost all motor developmental milestones, children in the direct-walking group developed earlier than those in the crawling and shuffling groups. Children in the crawling group had more advanced developments than those in the shuffling group. The difference in the mean ratio developmental quotients of the Bayley Mental Scale among the three groups was not significant. The present study showed that crawling may not be a necessary prerequisite for early ambulation or better cognitive function in MR children.
为了研究智力发育迟缓（MR）儿童的步行前运动策略与心理运动发育之间的关联，本研究纳入了50名非特异性MR儿童。其中有29名男孩和21名女孩，96%的儿童患有中度至重度MR。他们从4至53个月龄开始接受随访，直至25至99个月龄，随访期从10个月至48个月不等（平均30个月）。根据步行前运动策略，这些儿童被分为三组：爬行组（n = 34），在独立行走前以爬行或匍匐为主要运动模式；拖步组（n = 9），在独立行走前采用拖步；直接行走组（n = 7），除了翻滚外没有其他运动策略。在几乎所有运动发育里程碑方面，直接行走组儿童的发育早于爬行组和拖步组儿童。爬行组儿童的发育比拖步组儿童更超前。三组之间贝利智力量表平均比率发育商的差异不显著。本研究表明，爬行可能不是MR儿童早期行走或更好认知功能的必要先决条件。
