Dacou-Voutetakis C, Karavanaki K, Tsoka-Gennatas H
First Pediatric Department, Athens University, Greece.
Diabetes Care. 1995 Apr;18(4):552-4. doi: 10.2337/diacare.18.4.552.
To detect the incidence, geographic distribution, and seasonal variation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in all of Greece.
One hundred and thirty-seven children (75 boys and 62 girls) up to 14.9 years of age were diagnosed with IDDM in Greece in 1992.
The age-adjusted incidence of IDDM in Greece in 1992 was 6.25/100,000 population (boys: 6.17/100,000;: girls: 6.28/100,000). There was a significant pubertal peak. The incidence of IDDM was significantly higher in metropolitan (10.0/100,000) than in rural (4.21/100,000), semirural (7.48/100,000), or urban areas (5.36/100,000) of Athens. There was a marginal difference between rural and semirural areas. No significant seasonal variation in the incidence of IDDM was observed.
We conclude that the incidence of IDDM in Greece is among the five lowest in Europe. An impressive clustering of cases was observed in the Athens metropolitan area compared with the rural and semirural areas, an observation that possibly underlines the importance of environmental factors (stressful situations, infections, dietary habits, and others) in the expression of IDDM.
检测全希腊胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）的发病率、地理分布及季节变化。
1992年在希腊，137名14.9岁及以下儿童（75名男孩和62名女孩）被诊断为IDDM。
1992年希腊IDDM的年龄调整发病率为6.25/10万人口（男孩：6.17/10万；女孩：6.28/10万）。有一个显著的青春期高峰。IDDM的发病率在雅典的大都市地区（10.0/10万）显著高于农村（4.21/10万）、半农村（7.48/10万）或城市地区（5.36/10万）。农村和半农村地区之间存在微小差异。未观察到IDDM发病率有显著的季节变化。
我们得出结论，希腊IDDM的发病率在欧洲是最低的五个之一。与农村和半农村地区相比，在雅典大都市地区观察到病例的显著聚集，这一观察结果可能突出了环境因素（压力情况、感染、饮食习惯等）在IDDM发病中的重要性。
