Jacobs B, Berege Z A
Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
East Afr Med J. 1995 Jun;72(6):345-8.
A study was carried out to assess the attitudes and beliefs about blood donation among the population of Mwanza Region, Tanzania, in order to target better the voluntary blood donor recruitment and retention. A random sample of 1141 adults, 743 residents of Mwanza town and 398 from Mwanza rural areas were interviewed on aspects related to blood donation. A high proportion (26.4%) of interviewees had already given blood but only 3.8% had donated voluntarily within the last 10 years. Voluntary blood donation was correlated with secondary school attendance. We noted a positive attitude towards voluntary blood donation although the majority of people would do so only for an incentive in the form of remuneration. Respondents frequently thought that blood donation would infect them with HIV or damage their health. No correlation was found between fear to donate and self perceived risk for HIV infection. We found that a substantial number of men would accept pre-test counselling on HIV in order to "infect others" if found positive. Thus we recommend that HIV counselling should be done with extreme care and defer individuals with wrong intentions from blood donation. Donor recruitment campaigns should also focus on clearing wrong conceptions about blood donation through providing information on all aspects related to blood donation. Based on these findings, a scheme for blood donor recruitment and retention in Mwanza Region is proposed.
为了更有针对性地开展自愿献血者招募和保留工作，对坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区人群关于献血的态度和信念进行了一项研究。对1141名成年人进行了随机抽样，其中743名是姆万扎镇居民，398名来自姆万扎农村地区，就与献血相关的方面进行了访谈。很大比例（26.4%）的受访者已经献过血，但在过去10年中只有3.8%是自愿献血的。自愿献血与接受过中学教育相关。我们注意到人们对自愿献血持积极态度，尽管大多数人只有在有报酬激励的情况下才会献血。受访者经常认为献血会使他们感染艾滋病毒或损害他们的健康。在害怕献血和自我感知的艾滋病毒感染风险之间未发现相关性。我们发现相当多的男性如果艾滋病毒检测呈阳性，会为了“传染他人”而接受艾滋病毒检测前咨询。因此我们建议，艾滋病毒咨询应格外谨慎，将有不良意图的人排除在献血者之外。献血者招募活动还应通过提供与献血相关各方面的信息，着重消除对献血的错误观念。基于这些发现，提出了姆万扎地区献血者招募和保留计划。
